双季稻田全耕层培肥技术规程 Technical regulation of fertilizing the whole plough layer in paddy field for double rice 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2021-07发布-02 2021-09实施-0243 DB43/T2093—2021 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 67.080.20 B 31 DB43/T 2093—2021 I 目 次 前言 ································ ································ ································ ························ Ⅲ 1 范围 ································ ································ ································ ····················· 1 2 规范性引用文件 ································ ································ ································ ······ 1 3 术语和定义 ································ ································ ································ ············ 1 3.1 双季稻田 ································ ································ ································ ········· 1 3.2 全耕层培肥 ································ ································ ································ ······ 1 3.3 稻田轮耕 ································ ································ ································ ········· 1 3.4 稻草还田 ································ ································ ································ ········· 1 4 总体要求 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 1 5 作业流程 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 2 6 稻田轮耕 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 2 6.1 早稻田深旋耕 ································ ································ ································ ··· 2 6.2 晚稻田少旋耕 ································ ································ ································ ··· 2 6.3 隔年冬季干深耕 ································ ································ ································ 2 7 稻田培肥 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 2 7.1 稻草还田 ································ ································ ································ ········· 2 7.2 紫云英种植技术 ································ ································ ································ 3 7.3 肥用油菜种植技术 ································ ································ ····························· 4 7.4 平衡施肥 ································ ································ ································ ········· 4 DB43/T 2093—2021 II DB43/T 2093—2021 III 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件主要起草单位：湖南省土壤肥料研究所。 本文件主要起草人：肖小平、李超、郭立君、程凯凯、汤文光、唐海明、汪柯、文丽。 DB43/T 2093—2021 IV DB43/T 2093—2021 1 双季稻田全耕层培肥技术规程 1 范围 本文件规定了双季稻田全耕层培肥的术语和定义、总体要求、作业流程、稻田轮耕、稻田培肥 等内 容。 本文件适用于双季稻田培肥，一季稻田培肥可参照执行。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。 其中， 注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB 4407.2 经济作物种子质量标准 —油料类 GB 8080 绿肥种子 NY/T 496 肥料合理使用准则通则 NY/T 498 水稻联合收割机 作业质量 NY/T 499 旋耕机 作业质量 NY/T 500 秸秆还田机 作业质量 3 术语和定义 3.1 双季稻田 Paddy field for double rice 指一周年内种植早稻和晚稻的稻田。 3.2 全耕层培肥 Fertilizing the whole plough layer 指通过采用早稻田深旋耕、晚稻田少旋耕与隔年冬季干深耕等耕作技术以及稻草粉碎均匀还田、冬 季种植绿肥、平衡施肥等培肥技术对稻田耕作层进行培肥的综合技术方式。 3.3 稻田轮耕 Rotation tillage of paddy field 指在同一稻田采取深旋耕、少旋耕、冬季干深耕的 土壤轮耕措施。 3.4 稻草还田 Returning rice straw into field 水稻收获后，稻草还回稻田作肥料。 4 总体要求 4.1.1 潜育性稻田、砂性田不应进行冬季深翻耕。 DB43/T 2093—2021 2 4.1.2 土壤有机质含量 40 g/kg以上的稻田每隔 2～3年进行一次稻草还田、种植冬季绿肥。 5 作业流程 早稻插秧前，将晚稻稻草、冬季绿肥翻沤，深旋耕整地，移栽早稻。早稻收割后，将稻草粉粹均匀 抛撒于稻田，旋耕 1次后移栽晚稻。晚稻收割前套播紫云英或收割后隔年冬季干深耕沤腐稻草。 6 稻田轮耕 6.1 早稻田深旋耕 6.1.1 早稻插秧前 10 d～15 d，选用60 kW以上的旋耕机将冬季绿肥和晚稻草翻沤，旋耕深度达 15cm 以上。 6.1.2 插秧前3天再旋耕 2次，在最后 1次旋耕前，每亩施用氮磷钾养分比例为 20-8-12，总养分含 量为40％的水稻专用复合肥 35～40 kg作基肥，高